On February 20, 2025, The United States Government listed and sanctioned General James Kabarebe aka "Killing Machine", Rwanda’s Minister of State for Regional Integration and one of the top commanders of the Rwandan Defense Forces (RDF) and a top Congolese leader and spokesperson of the rebel movement Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC), and M23, suspected of covering the looted mineral trafficking. The Sanctions follow those imposed by European Union (EU) on July 26, 2024 and by the United States Government on July 25, 2024 against the top leaders RDF and top Congolese leaders and commanders of AFC and M23, for war crimes, looting, and human tragedies. Based on AfroAmerica Network sources in DR Congo and Rwanda, the DR Congo and people have praised the US Government for the action, while the Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame and RDF top military leaders, very angry against the US Government, are very worried about the next steps by the US Government.
In these latest sanctions, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) imposed sanctions on General James Kabarebe aka "Killing Machine" Kabarebe), who is serving as the Rwanda’s Minister of State for Regional Integration, for his central role "to Rwanda’s support for the March 23 Movement (M23), a U.S.- and United Nations (UN)-designated armed group that has rapidly expanded its territorial control in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and is responsible for human rights abuses", including systematic massacres of civilians, rapes, looting, and other.
Others sanctioned by OFAC include Lawrence Kanyuka Kingston, an M23 and AFC senior member and spokesperson and his two companies Kanyuka’s companies Kingston Fresh LTD and Kingston Holding registered in the U.K. and France. These two companies are accused of selving as shell companies for illicit transactions of rich minerals looted from DR Congo by the top leaders of the Rwandan military and M23 Rebels .
These sanctions expand those imposed on July 25, 2024 by the United States Government, designating and sanctioning top Congolese leaders of the rebel movement Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC), M23, and Twirwaneho and those of August 24, 2023 against a Rwandan military general, Brigadier General Andrew Nyanvumba, leading the Congolese invasion by Rwandan troops under the cover of M23 rebels.J
Rwandan troops, under the cover of M23 rebels and Twirwaneho, have been responsible for the humanitarian crisis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), for more than a decade. Since the beginning, AfroAmerica Network has reported, based on the sources within the Rwandan Government, that M23 rebels and Twirwaneho were just a cover of the Rwandan troops (see DR Congo - US - Rwanda: US Government Imposes Sanctions Against Leaders of AFC- M23 - Twirwaneho Rebels in DRC).
The July 26, 2024 EU Council sanctions have targeted some top leaders of groups fighting in DRC and a Commander of Rwandan Defense Forces (RDF) that have been invading DR Congo under the cover of the rebel groups and militia.
All these sanctions point to serious human rights violations including war crimes, killings, sexual violence, attacks on civilians, as well as child recruitment.
The OFAC sanctions include travel ban, asset freezes and the US citizens and companies being forbidden from making funds available to the sanctioned entities and individuals.
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US and EU Sanctions Expanding to Rwandan Leaders Covering the Invasion of DR Congo by Rwandan Regime.
EU Sanctions now target a total of 31 individuals and three entities. In previous reports, one of the key challenging questions was whether the latest US and EU sanctions, would finally be imposed on the top Rwandan military leaders behind AFC, M23, Twirwaneho, and RED Tabara. Among the Rwandan Defense Forces top Military leaders that had been considered for sanctions for leading the invasion of the DRC, under the cover of M23 Rebels and Twirwaneho and soon Burundi, under RED Tabara were:
- General James Kabarebe, until recently the Defense and Security Adviser to the Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame, who designed and coordinated the invasion;
- Military leaders who designed the strategy and led the implementation of the operations: General Jean Bosco Kazura, Lieutenant General Mubarakh Muganga, Major General Franck Mugambage, Major General Vincent Nyakarundi, Major General Ruki Karusisi, Major General Eric Murokore, and Brigadier General Rugumyangabo Gacinya;
- Brigadier General Andrew Nyanvumba: Coordination of on ground operations by RDF special and reserve forces (sanctioned);
- Command of deployed RDF troops 201st and 301st brigades brigades, RDF special forces: Major General Ruki Karusisi, Major General Alexis Kagame, Major General Emmy Ruvusha, and Captain Niragire Jean Pierre, aka alias Gasasira.
With the sanctions against of General James Kabarebe a major step has been made. General James Kabarebe is also known as "Killing Machine" for his widespread approval and encouraging systematic massacres of civilians including children, women, elderly, disabled, and others. The massacres of Rwandan refugees and Congolese civilians by Rwandan defense forces directly and under the cover of M23 and other Congolese militia have reached over 16 millions killed civilians including women, children, and elderly, over the last 30 years, as documented by the United Nations Group of Experts and other Non Government Organization and independent organizations and activists.
Following the sanctions, Congolese human rights activists, political analysts, religious leaders, and government officials contacted by AfroAmerica Network have praised the current leaders of the US Government for these significant actions.
Meanwhile, the sources close to the Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame and his top military leaders contacted by AfroAmerica Network have informed that Paul Kagame, very angry against the US Government, has disappeared and the military leaders are very worried about the next steps by the US Government. Only the spokesperson of the Rwandan government, Yolanda Makolo, has publicly rejected the sanctions, but shown strong signs of anxiety during her contacts with the media.
However, a key question remains: Will Rwandan dictator Paul Kagam and the other top Rwandan military leaders mentionned for their roles in leading the invasion of DR Congo and, as planned, of Burundi, be sanctioned soon, along with their families and associates?
According to public information the US State Department has accused Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame regime, his associates and family members, of violating various U.S. statutes by utilizing the U.S. financial system to transfer funds from illicit trade of minerals. These actions violate the provisions of the Anti-Money Laundering Act, the Bank Secrecy Act, the Foreign Assistance Act, and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
How about the Ugandan Military Leaders, especially the Chief of Defence of UPDF, General Muhoozi Kainerugaba, the son of Ugandan dictator Yoweri Museveni, who has sent the Ugandan People's Defense forces (UPDF) to reinforce the RDF in their invasions(see:DR Congo - Rwanda - Uganda: DRC Balkanization Plan In Progress; Is The World Ready for a Nightmare Similar to the 1990-1994 Rwandan Tragedy?).
AfroAmerica Network is still following the dynamics.
©2025 AfroAmerica Network.
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