On Friday February 21, 2025, The United Nations Security Council condemned the government of Rwanda for the Rwanda Defence Forces (RDF) invading the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo) under the cover of M23 rebels.
The 15-member UN council unanimously adopted the resolution, strongly condemning the ongoing invasion, offensive and advance of Rwandan troops. The U.N. Security Council resolution "strongly condemns the ongoing offensive and advances of the M23 in North-Kivu and South Kivu with the support of Rwanda Defence Forces" and "demands that M23 immediately stop its hostilities and withdraw."
With the widespread condemnations and increasing sanctions, the ailing Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame is reportedly planning to use UN and US sanctions against Gen James Kabarebe and three well known Hutu puppets to reinforce his daughter and heir Ange Kagame's power and increase heir chances to inherit the Rwandan oligarch.
The UN Security Council resolution was submitted by France whose Ambassador, Nicolas de Rivière. Ambassador, Nicolas de Rivière thanked UN Security Council members for their commitment during negotiations over the past week.
The 15-members UN Council called on the RDF to immediately withdraw from the Congolese territory “without preconditions.”
During the UN Security Council Meeting the US Representative, Ambassador Dorothy Shea urged the UN to take swift actions and sanctioning Rwandan political and military leaders involved in the invasion, saying:
"We once again urge Council members to take urgent action on sanctions nominations in the 1533 Committee.
The United States firmly supports African-led political processes aimed at resolving the conflict in eastern DRC. Regional actors have by far the most at stake when it comes to preventing an all-out war in the Great Lakes region.
However, we must not let African-led processes preclude swift and strong responses by the Security Council."
UN Security Council Condemnations Following Sanctions by USA and EU
The UN Security Council condemnations come after the US and EU sanctioned a Rwandan top military and government official leader and a top Congolese leader and spokesperson of the rebel movement Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC). On February 20, 2025, The United States Government listed and sanctioned General James Kabarebe aka "Killing Machine", Rwanda’s Minister of State for Regional Integration and one of the top commanders of the Rwandan Defense Forces (RDF) and a top Congolese leader and spokesperson of the rebel movement Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC), and M23, suspected of covering the looted mineral trafficking, Lawrence Kanyuka Kingston. The US Sanctions were added to those imposed by European Union (EU) on July 26, 2024 and by the United States Government on July 25, 2024 against the top leaders RDF and top Congolese leaders and commanders of AFC and M23, for war crimes, looting, and human tragedies.
( see: DR Congo - US - EU - Rwanda: United States Government Imposes Sanctions Rwandan Defense Leader General Kabarebe - AFC- M23 in DRC).
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World Sanctions Against Rwandan Leaders and Condemnations of Rwandan Invasion of DR Congo and Potential ICT Trials Fueling Political Dynamics in Rwanda
As the sanctions against the Rwandan government and leaders and widespread condemnations increase with the possibilities of the involvement of the International Criminal Court , AfroAmerica Network has gotten sensitive information from people within the inner circle of Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame, including those following the relatives.
In fact, since the latest US Sanctions of Gen James Kabarebe were made public, the ailing Rwandan Dictator General Paul Kagame has been conspicuously missing from the public.
His absence has sparked and fueled rumors that he may be trying to use the sanctions to reinforce the faction setup to support his daughter Ange Kagame as the heir to the throne. According to the sources, recently Ange Kagame has been facing increasing divisions within the army and the inner circle kleptocrats and oligarchy.
For the last years the leaders of Rwandan Defense Forces (RDF) army have been divided into multiple factions including:
- Uganda faction composed of former refugees who came from Uganda and is also divided into 2 groups:
* General Dan Munyuza's faction. General Dan Munyuza is a former Inspector General of Police (IGP) and Head of Uganda Desk, now serving as an ambassador to North Africa and Arabs countries with residence in Egypt.
* Gen James Kabarebe's faction. General James Kabarebe aka "Killing Machine", sanctioned by the US government is a Senior Presidential Adviser on security matters and Head of Democratic Republic of Congo Desk, now serving as Minister of State for Regional cooperation. - Ange Kagame's faction or Burundi faction, composed of former refugees who came from Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo and led by General Jean Bosco Kazura, former Chief of Defense Staff in Rwandan Defense Forces and head of Burundi desk, recently retired for refusing to joint the invasion front in DR Congo, with the support from Rwandan first lady, Jannet Nyiramongi.
- Others, with various suspected leaders, especially composed of those who were in Rwanda before the invasion of Rwanda by Ugandan Troops and Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA) in 1990 and the so called "Banyamulenge" from the DRC who supported and reinforced the RPA during the 1990-1994 Rwandan civil wars and the ensuing invasions of DR Congo.
Lt. Gen Mubarakh Muganga, the Chief of Defence Staff who replaced Gen Jean-Bosco Kazura, has also been navigating across the two Ugandan factions. Recently, he apparently decided to support Ange Kagame's faction.
Given these dynamics, during recent interviews with international media ,the Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame said that, even as the Commander- in-Chief on Rwandan Defense Forces (RDF), he did not know whether RDF troops were in DR Congo.
According to AfroAmerica Network sources, with his denials of knowing whether the troops are in DR Congo or not, Paul Kagame appears to be planning to put the blame on the leaders of the different factions and to add three puppets, in case the sanctions, similar to the ones by the UN Security Council, the USA Government, the EU gets close.
The three controversial puppets, labelled as house servants or glorified administrative assistants given their irrelevance in the Rwandan government, usually have ceremonial roles, just attending events, signing statements on the behalf of Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame, or speaking to the medias as the mouthpieces or cat's paws.
The three puppets mentioned by the sources are the Prime Minister Dr Edouard Ngirente, also known as General Paul Kagame's "Glorified Administrative Assistant", given that he has no real power, despite his position. Dr Eduard Ngirente, also known within his closest friends circle as "No Way Out", has been signing almost all the government acts and executive orders, since the ailing dictator Paul Kagame has started to promote his daughter as his heir to the throne.
Another puppet is Brigadier General Juvenal Marizamunda, Minister of Defense (Rwanda: Facing Risks of a Military Coup, Rwanda's Paul Kagame Purges Rwandan Defense Forces Military Leadership ) Juvenal Marizamunda is known within his closest inner circle as "Hide Your Tears into Your Belly."
The third puppet is the controversial Minister of Foreign Affairs, Olivier J.P Nduhungirehe also labelled within the Rwandan kleptocracy as the "Pig's Grandson" and "To Where Can I Flee?"
According to AfroAmerica Network sources, the nicknames or labels of Edouard Ngirente, Juvenal Marizamunda, and Olivier Nduhungirehe come from the desperate situation of serving a regime as house slaves without any other safe option.
Now , the rumors are that they may be soon used as scapegoats, as the Rwandan dictator is protecting his heir, Ange Kagame, while facing sanctions around the World and probably may be targeted by the International Criminal Tribunal (ICT) for war crimes and crimes against humanity.
One scenario is that dictator Paul Kagame would soon claim that Gen James Kabarebe aka "Killing Machine", working with the three puppets, went behind his back and sent the RDF troops to DR Congo to support M23 rebels, without his knowledge. Then, he would take actions against Gen James Kabarebe and the puppets, which may include jail or other punishments.
The question now has become: Will African dictator Paul Kagame use Gen James Kabarebe aka "Killing Machine" and the three puppets as scapegoats to avoid the sanctions, condemnations, and ICT trials for himself and his family ?
AfroAmerica Network is still following the matter.
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